High court's tie vote upholds loan bias ruling

The justices divided 4-4 in a case that considered whether the women could bring claims under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act after a bank required them to guarantee their husbands' business loans. The law protects loan applicants from bias based on marital status.

Lower courts ruled that the law covers only those who apply for credit and not those who guarantee to secure the debt.

The one-sentence opinion does not set a national precedent and does not identify how each justice voted. It simply upholds a decision from the 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that applies to Missouri and six other nearby states.

The justices took on the case because other courts had ruled differently in similar cases.

Scalia died in February and the court is operating with only eight justices. Scalia had participated in arguments in the case on the first day of the court's term on Oct. 5. His aggressive questioning of the lawyer for the women suggested he would have sided with the bank in a decision that would have had nationwide effect.

Valerie Hawkins and Janice Patterson claimed that signing as guarantors made them both responsible to repay the loans in full and put their credit at risk, placing them in the same position as loan applicants. They also argued that Federal Reserve Board regulations that say the law banning discrimination covers credit guarantees.

The Obama administration sided with the women, saying that when a creditor requires a person to guarantee their spouse's loan solely because of marital status, that discriminates against both the primary borrower and the guarantor.

The bank asserted that the discrimination must be against the person who wanted to borrow the money.

The American Bankers Association and other industry groups argued that allowing a spouse who guarantees a loan to be treated like an applicant would open lenders to more liability that Congress anticipated when it passed the law.

The case is Hawkins v. Community Bank of Raymore, 14-520.